The age-old enigma of UAP related “Angel Hair”: a testable explanation and the clear implication of a nonhuman technology Part (a) 09/30/20
Jack Sliwa- Technologist
Abstract:
“Angel Hair”, a fine wispy quickly “sublimating” fiber, has been repeatedly reported as being dropped upon and near witnesses during numerous UAP sightings- including several mass sightings. A multitude of cases exist wherein “Angel Hair” has been handled, experimented with and even laboratory analyzed. The author demonstrates how and why UAPs create and release “Angel Hair”, typically as an unintended event. The UAP’s external source of raw material for Angel Hair is identified as hydrocarbons and dust nodules agglomerated onto the UAP’s hull unintentionally captured from one or both of a) recently discovered "wax-like" interstellar space sources and/or b) from our own recently understood atmospheric terpene and SOA (secondary organic aerosol) sources. Angel Hair formation is described as being driven by cooperating AC electrospinning and AC diamagnetic spinning mechanisms operating upon the UAP agglomerated coatings which can almost certainly be reproduced in earthly labs. Surprisingly, numerous photographs of UAPs clearly having attached or just-released fibrous or matted Angel Hair exist and some are cited. Methods are described which will allow the sorting out of how much hair constituent comes from interstellar space and how much comes from our atmosphere. Very strange UAP skipping and bobbing motions to likely try and shed such hair before its substantial formation are now recognizable in many global historic sightings. The observed composition of Angel-Hair matches nicely the known material compositions of the interstellar and atmospheric sources. The observed Northern Hemisphere Fall peak in such Angel Hair events is nicely and perfectly matched six months later in the Southern Hemispheres Fall months-both providing the cool low-humidity weather favorable to Angel Hair formation. Finally, the agglomerated organic/dust UAP coatings may alternatively undergo burning and fall as historically witnessed "slag" or what appears at night to be "molten metal" drips. (Angel Hair is unrelated to actual UAP "ejected molten metal"-a separate subject with an also-explainable separate source to be later addressed)
The paper is divided into seven parts which should be read in the listed sequence:
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The Historic Angel-Hair Phenomenon
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Methods of producing fibers directly from a wetted or coated surface
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Realization that UAPs probably employ understood spinning processes to produce Angel Hair
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Likely Interstellar Based Hydrocarbon and Dust Sources as Angel Hair constituents
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Likely Atmospheric Based Hydrocarbon and Dust Sources as Angel Hair constituents
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Discussion-Including Photos of Attached and Released Angel Hair
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Conclusions / Recommendations
Part 1: The Historic Angel-Hair Phenomenon
There is no doubt that the Angel Hair Phenomenon has long existed and stands alone from scientifically different phenomena such as web-forming ballooning spiders whose web material, completely unlike Angel Hair, doesn’t “sublimate”, doesn't contain boron or silicon, is flammable and clearly looks different under microscopy. Angel Hair falls also do not contain a multitude of spiders and are frequently associated with a UAP’s immediate or recent presence. There are many cases wherein witnesses see Angel Hair emitted from UAPs and then see it slowly fall to the ground for 2-4 hours afterwards. The fallen amounts range from a few clumps or strands to sheets of it draped over trees and power lines. An excellent example of a mass-sighting case occurred in Florence Italy in October 1954 in the middle of a soccer match-totally stopping the match and causing 10,000 fans and players to stare and gasp as two swooping then hovering UAP craft together dropped silvery metallic looking Angel Hair on the stadium. The link to that reliably reported story is here: https://www.bbc.com/news/magazine-29342407 That day Angel Hair fell on the stadium, on house roofs and on nearby woods. A sample of the quickly “sublimating” or “evaporating” hair was analyzed and found to contain Magnesium, Calcium, Silicon and Boron and the fiber was found not to be radioactive. It should absolutely be noted that the year 1954 was the year of a truly massive appearance in nearby France of UAPs. That string of 1954 French sightings numbered over 200 and many were accompanied by reliable witness reports of humanoids being seen with some landed craft.
An earlier yet similar mass-sighting case took place in Oloron, France in October 1952. In that case witnesses observed a huge cigar-like craft in the sky moving slowly and tilted at a constant 45-degree angle. The huge cigar craft was emitting enormous amounts of Angel Hair. In addition, the cigar shaped craft released (launched) as many as 30 small Saturn-like smaller craft that also emitted Angel Hair when they passed close to each other or during their seemingly playful acceleration and cornering near the parent cigar craft. A link to that story is provided here: https://science.howstuffworks.com/space/aliens-ufos/angel-hair-ufo.htm That 1952 event was followed by a very similar French event in Gaillac, France only 10 days later also dumping large amounts of recovered Angel Hair-so these were no mass hallucinations- if those are even possible.
At http://www.project1947.com/kbcat/kbangel.htm the reader can find a long list of Australasian Angel Hair cases which are nicely contrasted with known ballooning spider related cases. A Victoria case also describes the detection of Magnesium, Calcium, Silicon and Boron in amorphous evaporating Angel Hair fiber. Some witnesses on this list also observed that the fibers were generally sticky, could be stretched to great length and burned like cellophane without visible ash. Upon handling with bare hands, the fibers easily balled up into a sticky goo or gel which continued to evaporate. New Zealand Angel Hair falls are also mentioned. One fall took place at 2am whereas most falls are in the early afternoon. It should be apparent that Angel Hair is a rather unstable material which typically disappears in a short time in from minutes to hours.
Angel hair can be white or translucent and usually falls in tangled clumps and strands up to 30 feet long. Microscopy clearly shows that compared to spider web A.H. appears more like knotted frayed tangled string unlike the majority smooth wire appearance of spider web Sometimes there is a gray or black coloration to strands and fibers may have an amorphous appearance under the microscope. The fiber is surprisingly strong in stretching yet still "evaporates" easily. Body heat or sunlight accelerate evaporation. It appears hydrophilic as it extracts moisture and/or oil from one’s hands during handling and forms a sticky gel. Occasionally, witnesses who have handled Angel Hair reported that their fingers are stained green for a few hour period (subject of a future explanation). At least one Scientist specializing in textile fibers has verified that Angel Hair is NOT a human made textile or fiber of any sort, nor is it cotton or wool. On some rare occasions Angel Hair has fallen from visible UAPs as petal-like flakes and also "evaporated" such as in the 1937 mass sighting Fatima, Portugal case for which there were 17,000 attentive witnesses. It is highly likely the Fatima Portugal event included an intentional UAP Angel Hair drop as others have suggested long before me. However, virtually all Angel Hair Falls are likely unintended or are purposely caused for self-cleaning.
Although many Angel Hair falls are seen coming directly from UAPs, many other falls don’t involve a UAP being witnessed during the fall. Since Angel Hair is known to typically fall for hours after UAPs have departed or passed over a location this should certainly be expected.
A very good summary of Angel Hair understanding is given in:
“An Analysis of Angel Hair 1947–2000”, by the late Brian Boldman, International UFO reporter (IUR), Fall 2001 Volume 26, Number 3 which can be found on www.scribd.com and downloaded.
This study performed an extensive literature survey which turned up 255 cases of “Angel Hair” falls from the years 679 to 2001. The article itself specifically discusses the 215 cases from 1947 to 2000. Of particular interest was the Quirindi, New South Wales Angel Hair event of August 10, 1998 during which up to 20 shiny sphere shaped UAPs were clearly seen releasing or emitting the Angel Hair. The shiny spheres would often stop, hover and do 90 degree turns. The study noted the preponderance of Angel Hair falls on cool clear fall days. In a few cases Angel Hair has had a camphor like smell and this author notes that that camphor is a terpene compound. Angel Hair properties are again described as tough. 57% of Angel Hair cases involved UAPs being simultaneously witnessed. Interestingly, almost all Angel Hair cases involved daylight sightings thus there appears to have been little effort to hide from witnesses (unlike for more recent Triangular UAPs in the dark of night). One New Zealand fiber fall occurred at 2am. Most historic Angel Hair falls occurred mid-afternoon and averaged about 3 hours long. Thus, it isn’t a surprise that the responsible UAPs aren’t seen in the act in 100% of the cases. Most cases occur in relatively dry sunny weather with low humidity. The study again reports the repeated finding of Magnesium, Calcium, Silicon and Boron from samples across the globe. It also mentions Prof. Hynek’s (U.S.A. Project Bluebook Scientist) discovery of Boron contamination at the Michigan 1966 Hillsdale College UAP sightings. It was stated to be boric acid contamination in the adjacent swamp water over which the UAPs hovered low to the water or in the water.
A separate and most interesting relevant UAP sighting investigated by police involved an army of snails marching across a road in front of a police car driving toward a recent UAP landing site next to a road in the rain. Boric acid (formed by UAP emitted Boron plus rain water) is a widely used excellent snail bait. Coincidence? I seriously doubt it. See report directly below.
Location. Canberra, Australia
Date: 1974
Time: night
"Two young women, hearing a "strange noise," were compelled to go outdoors to their car. They found the car out of their control and were driven to a remote site, accompanied by a brilliant light source. The car stopped and they heard a weird chant begin from behind the car, and could see vague, human like forms. They suddenly became extremely frightened and one girl, for reasons not clear, got out of the car. When she tried to get back in, she was unable to because of the presence of a viscous, web-like substance over the car door. They finally made their way to a local police station; returning to the site with officers, they found nothing and were escorted home. On the same night police patrols in the area reported strange lights in the sky and one patrol car encountered a massive procession of snails on the road, headed in the direction of the young ladys strange encounter. The girls experienced a repeat of their earlier experience after the police left and their fear was replaced by a feeling of guilt, as though they had "betrayed a trust" by reporting the incident to police. One girl suffered physical effects following the experiences, developing a speech impediment, and losing her ability to write. The effects were not permanent"
Continuing with the late Boldman reference above, other elements found in Angel Hair on occasion include Potassium, Phosphorus, Aluminum, Oxygen, Chlorine, Iron, Sulphur, Manganese, Sodium, Zinc, Lanthanum, Cesium, and Tritium. Again, the report states that protein, as comprises spider web, is not found in Angel hair. 40% or so of Angel Hair events involve rapid “sublimation”. Some Angel Hair "sublimates" before it even gets to the ground. Warmth is known to accelerate “sublimation” and per the Boldman study Angel Hair may be quite stable where it is formed at a somewhat higher cooler altitude. Storing Angel Hair in a cold sealed jar preserves it for a much longer period. Two of the greatest Angel Hair waves were in October 1954 (France and Italy) and October 1973 (United States) wherein all the fallen Angel Hair sublimated.
The late and dedicated investigator Boldman also shows the seasonal Angel Hair sighting frequency behavior as: January 1.8%, February 3.2%, March 2.3%, April 1.8%, May 5.5%, June 5.1%, July 5.1%, August 5.5%, September 6.9%, October 45.1%, November 18.1%, December 1.8% Boldman noted that October timing in the Northern Hemisphere has the strongest correlation with Angel Hair falls and that UAP waves in other months have much less Angel Hair or none at all. One U.S.1973 UAP/UFO wave or flap sighting involved a huge oval gray UAP whose topside was visibly covered with attached Angel Hair. One of the most credible U.S. entity cases (not known to be an Angel Hair case) took place in Pascagoula, Mississippi during that 1973 U.S. wave. The two Pascagoula fishermen witnesses were secretly audiotaped by the Sheriff in a holding room essentially praying about what to do and questioning "why has this happened to us?" They both passed polygraphs. We will come back to the obvious Oct-Nov Angel Hair surge later below.
A highly relevant analysis of an Angel Hair specimen was performed by Phyllis Budinger of Frontier Analysis Ltd. She employed a Nicolet-Avatar 360 FT-IR as well as a GC/MS in 1999. The sample was reported to have: a) amide bonds, b) Definitely NOT be cobwebs, c) some ester material, d) light branched volatile hydrocarbons, e) other hydrocarbons such as: 2-methyl propane; 2-methyl-1-propene; 2-methyl-1-butene; 2-methyl pentane; 3-methyl pentane; hexane; dimethyl-pentane; 2 C6H12 (molecular weight=84) hydrocarbon structures (specific isomers unidentified); one C8H16 (molecular weight=112) (specific isomer unidentified). Also indicated are carbonyl sulfide (COS) and carbon disulfide (CS2). There are possibly heavier hydrocarbons present such as two C20H42 components and a C23H43 component.
Finally, we have from Wikipedia a list of 221 confirmed and 12 unconfirmed molecules detected in interstellar space, molecular gas clouds and protoplanetary discs:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_interstellar_and_circumstellar_molecules
Note that the listed propene and carbonyl sulfide were detected in Angel Hair by Phyllis Budinger. Further and far more important is that numerous of these larger 233 organic molecules are known to be broken down via ozonolysis, for example, possibly providing many more volatile or semi volatile species and some nonvolatile species. Many such hydrocarbons can also be crosslinked as by radiation exposure in space or near nuclear radiation activity. Ozonolysis can also break down a severely radiation hardened film of organic hydrocarbons. More on ozonolysis and atmospheric ozone below.
Part 2: Methods of producing fibers directly from a wetted or coated surface
It isn’t obvious to most people that one can directly produce or form fine fibers from a flowable wetted film sitting on a wettable and likely impermeable surface-but it is widely practiced today using human technology. As a side note, the UAP flowable films may have been rendered flowable from an earlier nonflowable agglomerated and radiation hardened film as by atmospheric ozonolysis or water induced p-bond breakage. UAP agglomerated coatings may instead initially comprise heavy waxy hydrocarbons which aren’t flowable simply due to their high viscosity or crosslinking but are rendered flowable as by ozonolysis and/or atmospheric warming and/or atmospheric water vapor (such as by water-derived hydrogen driven polymer p-bond breaking) or a combination of these. Fibers can reliably be emitted (spun) from free surfaces for a vast array of flowable liquid mixtures (usefully including particle / fiber / dna containing mixtures, emulsions and suspensions) having increasingly important medical and technological applications. This capability enables the rapidly growing electrospinning industry. It must be kept in mind that many hydrocarbons are water soluble.
The technology that allows such fiber formation is referred to as “electrospinning". It is quite simple in concept in its original form which DOES utilize an emission nozzle orifice. Essentially an electrically conductive flowable liquid is extracted from a liquid-fed liquid emission orifice using a very high voltage electric potential existing between the liquid orifice and a deposition target placed spaced apart and in front of the orifice. In effect, the liquid is sucked from the orifice by the imposed electric field and related attracting electrostatic forces. The fiber, as it is electrostatically drawn outward by the electric field, almost instantly dries out from one or more of its original flow-aiding solvent constituents. Further, and quite nicely, the high electric potential causes the fluid meniscus at the external liquid orifice exit to take on a tapered down cone shape wherein the emitted fiber is forced to have a very very small diameter as it leaves the tip of that liquid cone. Thus, electrospinning is superb for making fine if not nanometer range diameter fibers incorporating almost anything into the liquid solution, mixture, suspension or emulsion that is flowable out of the orifice diameter. The word "spinning" in electrospinning is actually a misnomer because it refers to the random tortuous bending and twisting that fibers make upon emission due to uneven drying and charge-loss.
At https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrospinning a good overview of the original nozzle-based electrospinning technology is provided. Both liquid solutions and molten polymers can be electrospun. The chief advantage of electrospinning is the ease of making very fine fibers (down to nanometers in diameter) and up to several microns in diameter using an incredibly broad array of solutions, mixtures, emulsions or suspensions. The primary variables are the viscosity of the overall fluid and the electric field intensity. Other variables are the liquid conductivity and liquid dielectric constant. A single very simple desktop spinning apparatus can form a huge array of fiber diameters and compositions depending heavily on the liquid viscosity and the voltage-gradient shape. Electrospun fibers can be loaded with organic or inorganic nanoparticles, DNA, biological cells, drugs or carbon or metallic nanotubes for example. There doesn’t appear to be any limit on what can be incorporated in the fibers as long as it can be flowed through the nozzle orifice in either its natural shape or in a hydrodynamically induced or preformed temporary folded or compressed shape. Even porous fibers can be formed using the appropriate volatile solvents.
As the reader may now anticipate, electrospinning with a single needle orifice works wonderfully and is very easy to do (but user safety measures are required at the needed and dangerous tens of kilovolts) however the process is very slow in terms of desirable fiber production rates. Because of this, engineers rapidly developed a broad array of electrospinning machines that had numerous needle orifices (instead of only one) to make the process more productive in order to manufacture medical implants, grafts and ultrafiltration materials. There are now numerous companies selling electrospinning machines as well as electrospinning manufacturing services. The destructive COVID19 pandemic has also caused a further surge in electrospinning interest since electrospinning is superbly capable of manufacturing ultrafine filters such as for masks and bioprotective fabrics and drapes. Such fibers could even incorporate agents to kill pathogens such as silver ions.
Naturally, engineers wanted even more productivity and less complexity in their electrospinning machines. Several thought “How can I eliminate the needle orifices totally?” Soon several ways to create or partially create the cone-like liquid surface perturbations usually needed for electrospinning extremely fine fibers were found. These included, for example, passing bubbles up through the fluid, vibrating the fluid to produce ripple patterns, acoustically exciting the liquid surface to produce ripples and perturbations, employing magnetic liquids and magnets to form spike-like features in the liquid surfaces and using microfeatured wetted emission surfaces which encourage the desirable tiny yet numerous liquid bumps or protuberances. Engineers and Scientists were quite clever as always.
Going beyond that others loaded the liquid solutions with magnetic nanoparticles such as iron oxide nanoparticles and employed steering electromagnets to write patterns (“weaving”) of electrospun emitted fibers. A magnetic field could also extract (spin) a magnetic liquid but the orifice tapering cone described here was still provided at that time by the local highly shaped electric field at the orifice.
Much more recently, purely magnetic spinning has been demonstrated wherein an ejected droplet of magnetic liquid is caught by a catchment device and the catchment device moves away or rotates away from the emitting orifice to pull (and stretch) the fiber out of the orifice and wind it on a spool. In this case the fiber thinning is provided primarily by the pull-stretching provided by the moving catchment mechanism and not by any electric-field induced orifice liquid cone. Note that because the fiber remains attached to the drawn or winding catchment it can be pulled or wound indefinitely. One obvious advantage of this magnetic only technique is that no exposed electrical potential or equipment is employed at all. The process can even use a permanent magnet. Further, as long as the magnetic nanoparticles are kept to a low concentration in the fibers, e.g. <=3% by volume, they don’t significantly affect fiber end-use properties. Surely nobody anticipated this explosion in fiber making technology. Later, below, the author will describe a proposed diamagnetic style of spinning which can work with or independent of electrospinning. Virtually all hydrocarbons are diamagnetic meaning they are repelled by very very strong magnetic field gradients of either magnetic polarity. Such super strong magnetic (10-30 or more Tesla) fields are only recently possible and there is much work to do yet to make them long-lasting and compact.
So, producing fibers from a free liquid surface is not only possible but is practiced using electrical, magnetic or electrical+magnetic fields provided the liquid is appropriately conductive and/or magnetic in nature and is of a desired viscosity range at-least during spinning. Although I have discussed DC spinning, AC spinning has also been practiced. AC spinning works best in the range of 500 Hz to 1000 Hz. Note that UAPs are widely thought to have both AC and DC electrical and magnetic fields. Of great interest to this author is the fact that AC spinning doesn’t require a manmade grounded collector be placed. It has been found that the huge cloud of tangled and bundled fibers, seen particularly from AC spinning formation, itself acts as the needed (virtual) catchment electrode. Further, with AC spinning, because of the resulting alternating positive and negative sections of the emitted fiber, individual fibers are actually attracted to each other mid-flight to form bundled fibers almost like yarn. We see bundled fibers in Angel Hair specimens, and it makes perfect sense that UAP/UFO Angel Hair is primarily made by AC electrospinning. Thus the author believes that UAP Angel Hair is enabled by AC electrospinning and that diamagnetic spinning driving force may further enhances the electrical field spinning process latitude.
Part 3: Realization that UAPs probably employ understood spinning processes to produce Angel Hair
The author has followed the Angel Hair phenomenon for decades as it has always also been a confusing Materials Science mystery. The final clue that cemented my suspicion that spinning processes could explain Angel Hair was the most recent AC orifice-free spinning methods with high output. These are strong candidates since UAPs are widely agreed to have both electric fields (and magnetic fields)-both of varying high intensity and UAPs certainly have extensive surfaces. It should be further noted that many witnesses hear a low noise or droning from UAPs which seems to be in the above known frequency range for AC spinning.
The author doesn’t think it likely that the Angel Hair material comes from inside the UAP for several reasons such as no hair-emitting orifice array has been observed (it would be subject to clogging anyway), emission clearly takes place from quite large flat and curved surfaces. If the hair did originate inside the UAP it would probably give a significant clue as to the UAP propulsion method which I’m confident UAPs would actively avoid revealing. Finally, some events involving dozens of simultaneous UAPs deposit several pounds (at least) of hair. That amounts to many many cubic yards of piled but uncompressed fiber. The author believes that the UAP hair emission process is usually unintentional but that UAPs actually sometimes take avoidance measures to shake off or remove accumulating flowable or emittable films or attached fibers as by “UAP skipping motion” (Kenneth Arnold sighting and his unexplained sequential skipping or dipping motions of his observed sequential crescent UAPs), zig-zagging abruptly (numerous UAP sightings) as well as senseless “erratic” motions often observed. Rotating UAPs may also dump such films, pre-emission, as by the rotation itself. There is one historical UAP case wherein a UAP taking off then starts spinning and immediately upon the start of spinning the Angel Hair is suddenly emitted from the rim. The author believes this is a case of rotation-aided emission. Many non-rotating UAPs emit Angel Hair and such rotation is not thought by the author to be required for fiber emission. In the rare and exceptional case of the Fatima event in 1917 Portugal witnessed by 17,000 people the author (and many others before me) believe that that event was part of a UAP "demonstration" for the crowd of 17,000 witnesses. Not only were Angel Hair sublimating petals dropped on the witnesses but they saw a spinning craft throw out blinding brilliant colors and dive to the ground almost upon them in a rapid falling-leaf manner very seriously scaring them. That event was also witnessed and affirmed by attending otherwise skeptical scientists and journalists at the scene as well as by surprised unprepared witnesses several miles away. The crowd was also dried of their rain soaked clothes and the wet ground was also quickly dried in a manner very consistent with low level microwave exposure. There is a fair amount of data over many decades indicating that UAPs emit microwave radiation. The Fatima Portugal event is very difficult to explain in normal or purely psychological hallucination terms. The author notes that the very unusual petal-shaped "hair" that fell at Fatima could have been purposely formed by the UAP by being thrown off the rapidly spinning witnessed "disc" as droplets which dried out and shriveled. This event has to be explainable. It happened.
The second clue for me actually comprises two closely related clues. In the last five to ten years a truly enormous learning curve has been undergone with respect to characterizing: a) Interstellar Organic Materials and Dust and b) Stratospheric and Tropospheric Organic Materials and Dust. The author realized that a UAP traveling through interstellar space would gather upon its surface a greasy deposit as has been recently first suggested (for human spacecraft) by several respected academic papers (see interstellar materials section 4). Secondly, a UAP traveling through the stratosphere would also tend to grow a similar deposit-primarily sourced from the thousands of terpene-based natural hydrocarbon types emitted by trees, plants. shrubs and grass or later formed and/or oxidized in the atmosphere by later chemical and photolytic reactions. These atmospheric hydrocarbons have been extensively studied due to environmental climate-change concerns. Both types (interstellar and atmospheric) of “depositable” hydrocarbon rich material cover an enormous scope of chemical compositions- literally several thousand (and counting) in interstellar space species and tens of thousands of (mostly terpene) based natural species in the atmosphere. Further, both types are known to strongly attach to (or form upon) dust and ice microparticles and nanoparticles as nucleation sites. That fact enables the presence of the inorganic constituents found in Angel Hair such as Magnesium, Calcium, Silicon and Boron all found in interstellar space as well as in the stratosphere. Boron is probably more easily accumulated or agglomerated on a UAP's hull by travel in interstellar space but is certainly also collectable in the upper atmosphere.
The third clue for me relates to the incredibly powerful and destructive chemical process called ozonolysis which chemists are well informed about. This process is capable of breaking down just about any deposited (or free-floating) hydrocarbon film or any organic substance-including radiation or thermally crosslinked films such as might be the case for interstellar deposited films. UAPs are known to be capable of producing ozone under some likely AC plasma or discharge-like conditions when in our (or other planet's) atmosphere. It should be obvious that a low level and slowly moving UAP (as most Angel Hair UAPs are during emission) has plenty of Oxygen and time to produce Ozone surrounding any agglomerated coating on the UAP hull.
Atmospheric terpene hydrocarbons, some oxidized and some not, as well as interstellar deposits will comprise or produce a vast array of lighter more flowable and/or volatile hydrocarbons pre-ozonolysis and upon ozonolysis. Some nonvolatile species are also produced. Secondly, emitted Angel Hair is known to be highly hydrophilic. That invites the possibility that water vapor likely plays a part in making the pre-emission UAP film deposits flowable and suitable for spinning even without ozonolysis or with the help of ozonolysis. Note that too much water will reduce the UAP film viscosity too low for spinning as is known for certain and too little possibly won’t make the film flowable at all. Note also that cool fall days with modest to low humidity (most often reported for emission events) presents a situation wherein a controlled yet limited amount of water could be captured by agglomerated hydrocarbon coatings on the hulls of UAPs. Water and oxygen can provide ozone or O3 for ozonolysis. Finally note that a UAP that has descended from a higher altitude to a lower altitude is also warmed to reduce agglomerated fluid viscosity on the UAP hull thereby also aiding emission.
The fourth and last clue for me was the fiber bundling seen in many Angel Hair specimens. i.e. Micrographs show many fibers fused together for portions of their lengths. This is a very strong signature of AC Electrospinning which fits perfectly with the known AC character of UAP electric (and magnetic) fields. In fact, electrospinning experts could probably deduce the UAP AC frequency formation bounds only from such Angel Hair micrographs. The act of AC spinning results in each fiber at-least temporarily having an alternating sequence of positive and negative charges along its length thus encouraging adjacent fibers to join or fuse. Note also that AC spinning can have a much larger fiber production rate than DC electrospinning AND it requires no placement of a manmade metal counter electrode by the user (the one that draws the fiber outward in DC electrospinning). Experimenting scientists have shown for AC spinning that the nearby emitted and accumulated cloud of hair itself acts as a virtual electrode.
Part 4: Likely Interstellar Based Hydrocarbon and Dust Sources as Angel Hair Constituents
“Aliphatic hydrocarbon content of interstellar dust” by B. Gunay, T. Schmidt et al, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 479, Issue 4, October 2018, Pages 4336–4344, https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty1582
This above-mentioned reference, widely reported by many science and physics outlets as well as commercial news outlets, leads many to state that interstellar spacecraft will have to deal with “space grease” or sticky coatings incorporating aliphatic hydrocarbons accumulated on such spacecraft. Aliphatic hydrocarbons may be saturated or unsaturated. The authors mentioned such earthly spacecraft having to deal with such sticky coatings. The study, done by Turkish and Australian researchers nicely modeled the quantity of such interstellar grease mist and were able to reproduce the mist in the laboratory along with its infrared signature. The authors indicated that the grease is adsorbed onto dust and soot particles such as silicate dust (silicon source). Such coated dust grains are also thought to be building blocks of planets. The authors also indicated a large mass of aromatic gaseous naphthalene in interstellar space as found in mothballs. One may well ask why this “greasy deposit” hasn’t been seen by existing spacecraft and the answer is that anywhere near a sun (a star) the mist is swept away by the star’s radiation pressure which, as experienced by the coated dust, is quite strong. About a quarter to a half of all available Milky Way carbon is in this grease. There are about 100 greasy carbon atoms for every million hydrogen atoms.